DISK ONE  - Behind the Laws

Chapter 1

Opening – Romans; Anglo-Saxons; Vikings; Normans; Feudalism; The Magna Carta; Columbus; Henry VIII; Anne Boleyn; Church of England; British Catholic-Protestant conflicts (Queen Jane Gray, Queen Mary I, Queen Elizabeth I). Why we start with all this old British History?

Chapter 2

Coming to America; French settlement; Spanish settlement; English Jamestown; Virginia House of Burgesses; French, Spanish and British view of Indians; First slaves in colonies; More English religious fighting – (King James II; The Glorious Revolution; William and Mary); The English Bill of Rights.

Chapter 3

Colonists no longer felt “British”; What ticked us off so much that we had to have a revolution?; Trading slaves, Molasses and Sugar Cane; The Molasses Act; Smuggling; Search and Seizure; Writs of Assistance (leads to 4^th Amendment); The French and Indian War; George Washington in French & Indian War; King George III and The Royal Proclamation of 1763; The Sugar Act; The Colonies as a “Cash Cow”; the Stamp Act; the first Quartering Act; Britain punishing the Colonies; George III and Parliament’s poor decision making; Townshend Acts; Boycott of British goods; Disbanding Massachusetts legislature;British occupation of Boston; Boston Massacre; John Adams defense attorney; External taxes; Boston Tea Party

Chapter 4

Fighting begins… The Intolerable Acts; Brits shut down the Port of Boston; Massachusetts judges and juries; Proposal to move criminal trials back to England; Second Quartering Act; Colonist’s opposition to Standing Army; "Virtual representation" in Parliament; First Continental Congress; Petitioning London; Second Continental Congress; Who Were the Loyalists?; April 1775: the Battles of Lexington and Concord; Continental Army; Commander-in-Chief George Washington of Virginia; Battle of Bunker Hill;

Chapter 5

The Declaration of Independence; Thomas Jefferson; the twenty-five complaints (in modern English);

Chapter 6

The Revolutionary War; Battles of the Revolution; For the British it just wasn’t worth it;

Chapter 7

Jefferson – The Age of Reason; The Enlightenment; our national moral standard;

Chapter 8

The Articles of Confederation – sixteen months to negotiate, five years to adopt; Articles weaknesses; Very limited government detailed; funding the government; Just didn’t work;

Chapter 9

Writing the U.S. Constitution: Meeting to revise the Articles becomes constitutional convention; Meeting in secret; Some of the drafters profiled; Preamble to the constitution; Hamilton, Jefferson, Madison;

Chapter 10

DETAILS: Article Seven – ratification; Article Six – Debts of the Confederation (More important) “Supreme law of the land – “Supremacy clause”Article Five – Amending the constitution [No amendments regarding Slavery until 1818] Article One – The Legislative Branch – House, Senate; Impeachment, Appropriations, Bankruptcy… Coin money, regulate its value, weights and measures, punish counterfeiting, promote science and arts, patents and copyrights, post offices and postal roads, create lower courts, fight and punish piracy….

…AND regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes. The Commerce Claus; No Bill of Attainder; Yes, we will finance a navy, but not a permanent standing army, appropriations for an army may not be for more than two years) – the focus was on militias – as needed. Also, States cannot issue their own money, and cannot make their own treaties with other countries or states; and cannot engage in wars except U.S. wars – unless attacked directly.

Chapter 11

(1:30:10) 3/5ths Compromise (additional congressional representation for the south) ; The Necessary and Proper clause; mentions 10^th Amendment; creating the District of Columbia; Limited powers of the Presidency

Chapter 12

(1:39:30) (Article 3)The Judiciary; the Eleventh Amendment; Treason; (Article 4) The States: “Full faith and Credit” ; republican form of government; (Article 4-2-3) Returning slaves; The Federalist Papers; Ratification – just barely;

Chapter 13

The Bill of Rights: 1^st Amendment; 2ndAmendment; 3^rd Amendment;4^th Amendment; 5^th Amendment; 6^th Amendment; 7^th Amendment; 8^th Amendment; 9^th Amendment; 10^th Amendment;

Chapter 14

Slavery; no anti-slavery amendment allowed until 1808; the Cotton Gin reinforces slavery; Slave Codes and punishments; PRE-CIVIL WAR ECONOMY North and South; Slavery needed more land; The Missouri Compromise of 1820

Chapter 15

Southern whites move to Mexico… Texan’s war with Mexico; The Alamo; Texas Independence… Manifest Destiny; U.S. War with Mexico; Congressman Lincoln’s position against the war; U.S. acquires the Southwest; California was the prize; Second Missouri Compromise (1850) Fugitive slave act; Uncle Tom’s Cabin;

Chapter 16

Kansas Nebraska Act of 1854; 1856 election… Dred Scott Decision; Lincoln’s House Divided speech; Lincoln-Douglas debates of 1858; Election of 1860; Lincoln wins presidency; most southern states secede before Lincoln’s inauguration – form The Confederate States of America; Confederate constitution almost identical to U.S. constitution, except for slavery provisions.

Chapter 17

The War of the Rebellion begins: Some southerners leave the congress and join the confederacy; The War of the Rebellion; The Confederate Territory of Arizona; The Civil War in Arizona; The U.S. Territory of Arizona 1863; Our first territorial officers; The Howell Code – our first laws.; Meanwhile, the civil war was still raging; How would Lincoln have been treated by the media today?;

Lincoln’s generals: some good, some not so good. (McClellan) Then there was Grant, Sherman- March Across Georgia, and Meade -Gettysburg; The Confederate strategy; American war casualties worst ever -- 620,000 deaths / 412,000 wounded-- are more than World War I, World War II, Korea, Viet Nam, Iraq and Afghanistan combined The war-making resources of the South versus the North What were you thinking??

Chapter 18

Fighting for the south ( a family history); The war was about slavery vs “States Rights” Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address; Colonel Joshua Chamberlain’s speech to the troops at Gettysburg; The war ends; Lincoln assassination; Occupation of south; Carpetbaggers

Chapter 19

13^th Amendment; 15^th Amendment; the 14^th Amendment; Reconstruction Overview (12 years); Hayes v. Tilden election of 1876; Ending Reconstruction

(“An honest politician stays bought”)

Chapter 20

“JIM CROW”; A family history under Jim Crow (Art Hamilton); Migration to Arizona Territory – former Confederates / “Negros”; Mexican-Americans in AZ Territory;

Chapter 21

Arizona Territory 1900 - 1910: “labor vs. Management”... call it “The establishment vs. the Anti-establishment”; the Progressive and the Populist movements; Democrats and Republicans – a 180 degree shift; Labor violence;

Chapter 22

Why Arizona waited 49 years; AZ Territory non-voting delegates to Congress – pushing for statehood; The Arizona Enabling Act, approved by Congress June 1910; Requirements of the Enabling Act; No Territorial legislature in 1911;

Chapter 23

Recall of Judges controversy; Finally, The State of Arizona; Governor George W.P. Hunt The politics of “liquor in Arizona”, Women’s Suffrage, Prohibition, Mormons, and Labor re: the Constitutional convention.

Chapter 24

Interesting delegates to the convention; Dr. John Goff books – biographies of Territorial Officers … and a book on The deliberations of the Constitutional Convention.

Chapter 25

Las Vegas, Nevada once part of Arizona; CONTENT OF THE ARIZONA CONSTITUTION: Declaration of Rights including :– Due Process; Petition, Assembly; Speech; Privacy; etc. Also jury rights in Tort cases; “Initiative and Referendum ” issue; Structure of Government; Representation by country; terms of office; Rates of pay;

Chapter 26

More AZ constitutional content, including: Legislative immunity from arrest; Schools; Taxing authority; State debt limit; the courts; Additional departments and provisions; Labor law;Child labor;

Chapter 27

Who came to Arizona; Why they came; How they came; Margaret McCormick’s ride..

Chapter 28

Closing credits and other acknowledgements